Traveling through Canada and my US iPhone Crashed

I don't see why you can't purchase an unlocked iPhone and move your sim card. The only problem I can see possibly happening is not being able to activate  AT&T service out of USA with esim.  But maybe it's no problem at all to transfer the e Sim between two phones.

⚠️By the way if your intention is to file an insurance claim, you should not file an insurance claim after you have switched phones.  Insurance claims should always be filed before you change phones because your insurance is on the phone line not the physical phone itself. The insurance company will see the IMEI of which phone was most recently used on your phone line and that is the phone they will replace.  They will also blacklist the phone that is being used on that line and replaced. 

From a technical side, the phone should be compatible, but what about the SIM?  Are you using a physical SIM that you can swap from your crashed phone?  You’ll need a U.S. AT&T SIM because AT&T Canada isn’t US AT&T.  Also, you’ll need to check whether the phone is locked to a Canadian carrier.

Is there an Apple Store in Calgary?  If so, best option may be to buy and unlocked SIM free phone from Apple.

Thanks for your answers.  I'll check and ask about the SIM.